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Operations Strand – The Internal Execution OS

Your strategy is only as real as your operations. The Operations Strand defines how the company actually works every day:
  • how people are coordinated,
  • how work moves from idea to shipped,
  • how incidents are handled,
  • how vendors, security, finance, and people systems stay in sync.
If Product is what you build and Tech is how it runs,
Operations is how it all moves together without chaos.

🧪 Workshop Meta – How to Design the Operations Strand

Framework version: operations-strand-v1.0 Templates this strand covers
  • Operational Purpose
  • Org Structure
  • Rituals & Cadences
  • Cross-Functional Collaboration
  • Execution Systems
  • Release & Deployment Process
  • Internal Communication
  • Incident Management
  • Vendor & Partner Operations
  • Security & Compliance Operations
  • People Ops & HR Operations
  • Finance & Legal Ops
  • Risk & Decision Frameworks
Who should be in the room
  • COO & operations leadership
  • Product & engineering leaders
  • HR / People
  • Legal & security
  • Finance / BizOps
Facilitation notes
  • Start from real workflows:
    • incident response,
    • shipping new features,
    • onboarding employees,
    • fiscal planning.
  • This strand defines how the company actually works every day
    think of it as the OS of internal execution.

🎯 Purpose & Role – Why Operations Exists

Guiding question
Why does Operations exist?
Core answer Operations ensures the company runs predictably, safely, and efficiently.
It coordinates people, processes, tools, and decision structures so the company can scale without chaos.
Operations is the connective tissue synchronizing:
  • product,
  • engineering,
  • sales,
  • customer success,
  • finance,
  • people,
  • security.
Objectives
  • Create processes that scale with the company, not against it.
  • Remove friction from cross-functional work.
  • Ensure predictable shipping, reliability, and support.
  • Protect the company via compliance, security, and risk management.
  • Maintain operational clarity as the org grows.

🏛 Org Structure – How Operations Is Shaped

Guiding question
How is the operational organization structured?

Product Operations

Responsibilities
  • Roadmap coordination.
  • Product launch readiness.
  • User feedback systems.
  • Cross-functional alignment.

Engineering Operations (EngOps)

Responsibilities
  • Developer productivity.
  • CI/CD & tooling.
  • On-call processes.
  • Infrastructure coordination.
  • Incident response frameworks.

Customer Operations (CustOps)

Responsibilities
  • Support systems.
  • Service workflows.
  • Customer health and adoption.

Security Operations (SecOps)

Responsibilities
  • Threat detection.
  • Compliance enforcement.
  • Access management.
  • Security incident response.

Revenue Operations (RevOps)

Responsibilities
  • Sales forecasting.
  • Pipeline health.
  • Billing & monetization systems.

People Operations (PeopleOps)

Responsibilities
  • Hiring systems.
  • Onboarding.
  • Career frameworks.
  • Compensation modeling.

Business Operations (BizOps)

Responsibilities
  • Strategic analysis.
  • Goal planning.
  • Cross-company prioritization.

⏰ Operational Rituals – The Cadence of the Company

Weekly
  • Team stand-ups.
  • Cross-functional syncs (product + eng + design).
  • Incident review meetings.
  • Support + product friction reviews.
  • Goal progress updates.
Monthly
  • Roadmap review.
  • Business health metrics.
  • Customer insights analysis.
  • Security review.
  • Recruiting pipeline review.
Quarterly
  • Company-wide OKR review.
  • Planning for next quarter.
  • Budget & resource allocation.
  • Technical debt prioritization.
  • Compliance & audit check-ins.

🤝 Cross-Functional Collaboration – How Work Actually Moves

Guiding question
How do teams collaborate effectively?

Systems

  • Shared Slack channels for each initiative.
  • Slack Connect for external partners.
  • Asana / Jira for project management.
  • Google Workspace for documents.
  • Centralized internal wiki for knowledge.

Rules

  • One owner per initiative, many collaborators.
  • Decisions documented in Slack channels or internal wiki.
  • Cross-functional leads meet weekly during high-impact launches.
  • Slack-first communication before meetings.

Anti-patterns

  • Multiple owners.
  • Decision-making inside private DMs.
  • Undocumented cross-team agreements.
  • “Shadow” processes outside shared tools.

🚀 Execution Systems – How Ideas Become Shipped Reality

Product development framework:
Modified dual-track agile – continuous discovery + continuous delivery.

Core Tools

  • Jira for engineering execution.
  • Figma for design.
  • Slack for alignment + async debate.
  • GitHub for code reviews and version control.

Stages of Work

  1. Problem definition
  2. Design exploration
  3. Technical scoping
  4. Implementation
  5. Testing
  6. Launch readiness
  7. Release
  8. Post-release monitoring

Definition of Done

A change is only “done” when:
  • Meets acceptance criteria.
  • Passes accessibility checks.
  • Docs are updated.
  • Support is ready (macros, known issues).
  • Logs + metrics instrumented.
  • Feature flags exist.
  • Incident alerting configured.

🚢 Release & Deployment – How Shipping Works

Pipeline

  1. Commit → CI → Automated tests.
  2. Staging environment → QA.
  3. Gradual rollout via feature flags.
  4. Monitoring + rollback capability.
  5. Full deployment after stability confirmation.

Principles

  • Small, frequent releases reduce risk.
  • Feature flags for all user-facing changes.
  • Automated tests prevent regressions.
  • Rollback must be instant and safe.

Responsibilities

  • Product
    • Owns definition, acceptance criteria, launch messaging.
  • Engineering
    • Owns quality, deployment, monitoring.
  • Support
    • Prepared with macros, scripts, troubleshooting guides.

💬 Internal Communication – How Information Flows

Channels

  • Company-wide announcements channel.
  • Team channels with weekly summaries.
  • Project-specific channels.
  • Docs in internal wiki.
  • Async updates via Slack canvases.

Principles

  • Document decisions in public channels, not private chat.
  • Over-communicate during high-risk / high-impact projects.
  • Summaries over raw message floods.
  • Async-first – meetings only when truly needed.

🚨 Incident Management – How You Handle “Oh Shit” Moments

Incident Severity Levels

  • SEV0 — complete outage or security breach.
  • SEV1 — severe degradation.
  • SEV2 — functional but impaired.
  • SEV3 — minor impact.

Response Process

  1. On-call engineer paged automatically.
  2. Incident lead + scribe assigned.
  3. Dedicated Slack incident channel created.
  4. Status page updated (if needed).
  5. Customer communication via predefined templates.
  6. Root-cause analysis within 48 hours.

Post-incident Practices

  • Blameless postmortems.
  • Actionable follow-up tasks.
  • Engineering retro.
  • Documentation updates.

🤝 Vendor & Partner Operations – Your External Dependencies

Critical Vendors

  • Cloud providers.
  • CI/CD services.
  • Security scanning tools.
  • Observability platforms.
  • Support ticketing systems.
  • Payment processors.

Vendor Management Practices

  • Annual reviews.
  • Security questionnaires.
  • SLA monitoring.
  • Cost optimization.
  • Compliance audits.

🔐 Security & Compliance Operations – Guardrails by Design

Responsibilities

  • Access management (SSO, role-based access).
  • Pen tests and vulnerability management.
  • Privacy reviews of new features.
  • Compliance audits (SOC2, ISO, FedRAMP, etc.).
  • Data residency enforcement.
  • Security training for employees.

Principles

  • Security embedded early in development.
  • Privileged access reviewed weekly.
  • Zero-trust network assumptions.
  • Data minimization wherever possible.

🧑‍🤝‍🧑 People Operations – How Humans Enter, Grow, and Stay

Hiring Process

  1. Role definition.
  2. Structured interviews.
  3. Skill evaluation.
  4. Values & collaboration assessment.
  5. Offer approval.
  6. Onboarding checklist.

Onboarding

  • Slack workspace setup.
  • Tooling access.
  • Team introductions.
  • Role-specific training.
  • First-week goals.

Performance Management

  • Quarterly reviews.
  • Career ladders.
  • Compensation cycles.
  • Promotion criteria.
  • Performance improvement processes.

Culture Principles

  • Empathy.
  • Courtesy.
  • Craftsmanship.
  • Playfulness without distraction.
  • Transparent communication.

Finance

  • Budget planning.
  • Cost control.
  • Scenario modeling.
  • SaaS vendor consolidation.
  • Revenue forecasting.
  • Expense approvals.
  • Contract review.
  • Regulatory compliance.
  • Data processing agreements.
  • Risk management.
  • IP protection.
  • Vendor security terms.

⚖️ Risk & Decision Frameworks – How Decisions Are Made Safely

Decision-Making

  • RACI for major initiatives.
  • Written docs for all decisions above medium risk.
  • Async-first decisions with clear deadlines.
  • Escalate when blocked for > 48 hours.

Risk Types

  • Technical risk.
  • Operational risk.
  • Security risk.
  • Legal / compliance risk.
  • Reputational risk.

Risk Controls

  • Checklists for major launches.
  • Performance / load testing pre-release.
  • Security reviews pre-launch.
  • Runbooks for outage scenarios.

🧙‍♂️ Operations Archetype – Who Ops “Is” as a Character

Guiding question
What character best represents Operations?
  • Primary archetype: Architect
  • Secondary archetype: Orchestrator
Rationale
Operations designs the invisible structures and keeps all moving parts synchronized,
ensuring stability and clarity as the company scales.

🧩 How to Use This Operations Strand in Practice

  1. Map your current reality
    • Track a feature from idea → shipped → incident → improvement.
    • Track an incident from alert → RCA → follow-up.
  2. Document your rituals & responsibilities
    • Make every recurring meeting have a clear purpose.
    • Map each Ops function to explicit responsibilities.
  3. Codify your execution + incident playbooks
    • Turn your real-world workflows into stages and checklists.
    • Ensure “Definition of Done” includes support, metrics, risk.
  4. Wire in security, people, finance, legal
    • Make sure major launches touch all four where relevant.
    • Build shared checklists and sign-off gates.
  5. Review quarterly
    • Treat Operations as a product:
      • reduce friction,
      • remove waste,
      • improve clarity.

{
  "operations_strand": {
    "workshop_meta": {
      "framework_version": "operations-strand-v1.0",
      "source_templates": [
        "Operational Purpose",
        "Org Structure",
        "Rituals & Cadences",
        "Cross-Functional Collaboration",
        "Execution Systems",
        "Release & Deployment Process",
        "Internal Communication",
        "Incident Management",
        "Vendor & Partner Operations",
        "Security & Compliance Operations",
        "People Ops & HR Operations",
        "Finance & Legal Ops",
        "Risk & Decision Frameworks"
      ],
      "facilitation_notes": [
        "Run with COO, operations leadership, product, engineering, HR, legal, security.",
        "Start with real workflows: incident response, shipping new features, onboarding employees, fiscal planning.",
        "This JSON defines *how the company actually works every day* — the OS of internal execution."
      ]
    },

    "purpose_and_role": {
      "question": "Why does Operations exist?",
      "answer": "Operations ensures that Slack runs predictably, safely, and efficiently. It coordinates people, processes, tools, and decision-making structures so the company can scale without chaos. Operations is the connective tissue that synchronizes product, engineering, sales, success, finance, people, and security.",
      "objectives": [
        "Create processes that scale with the company.",
        "Remove friction from cross-functional work.",
        "Ensure predictable shipping, reliability, and support.",
        "Protect the company through compliance, security, and risk management.",
        "Maintain operational clarity as the organization grows."
      ]
    },

    "org_structure": {
      "question": "How is the operational organization structured?",
      "departments": [
        {
          "name": "Product Operations",
          "responsibilities": [
            "Roadmap coordination",
            "Product launch readiness",
            "User feedback systems",
            "Cross-functional alignment"
          ]
        },
        {
          "name": "Engineering Operations (EngOps)",
          "responsibilities": [
            "Developer productivity",
            "CI/CD & tooling",
            "On-call processes",
            "Infrastructure coordination",
            "Incident response frameworks"
          ]
        },
        {
          "name": "Customer Operations (CustOps)",
          "responsibilities": [
            "Support systems",
            "Service workflows",
            "Customer health and adoption"
          ]
        },
        {
          "name": "Security Operations (SecOps)",
          "responsibilities": [
            "Threat detection",
            "Compliance enforcement",
            "Access management",
            "Security incident response"
          ]
        },
        {
          "name": "Revenue Operations (RevOps)",
          "responsibilities": [
            "Sales forecasting",
            "Pipeline health",
            "Billing + monetization systems"
          ]
        },
        {
          "name": "People Operations (PeopleOps)",
          "responsibilities": [
            "Hiring systems",
            "Onboarding",
            "Career frameworks",
            "Compensation modeling"
          ]
        },
        {
          "name": "Business Operations (BizOps)",
          "responsibilities": [
            "Strategic analysis",
            "Goal planning",
            "Cross-company prioritization"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },

    "operational_rituals": {
      "weekly": [
        "Team stand-ups",
        "Cross-functional syncs (product + eng + design)",
        "Incident review meetings",
        "Support + product friction reviews",
        "Goal progress updates"
      ],
      "monthly": [
        "Roadmap review",
        "Business health metrics",
        "Customer insights analysis",
        "Security review",
        "Recruiting pipeline review"
      ],
      "quarterly": [
        "Company-wide OKR review",
        "Planning for next quarter",
        "Budget & resource allocation",
        "Technical debt prioritization",
        "Compliance & audit check-ins"
      ]
    },

    "cross_functional_collaboration": {
      "question": "How do teams collaborate effectively?",
      "systems": [
        "Shared Slack channels for each initiative",
        "Slack Connect for external partners",
        "Asana/Jira for project management",
        "Google Workspace for documents",
        "Centralized internal wiki for knowledge"
      ],
      "rules": [
        "One owner per initiative, many collaborators.",
        "Decisions documented in Slack channels or internal wiki.",
        "Cross-functional leads meet weekly during high-impact launches.",
        "Slack-first communication before meetings."
      ],
      "anti_patterns": [
        "Multiple owners",
        "Decision-making inside private DMs",
        "Undocumented cross-team agreements",
        "“Shadow” processes outside shared tools"
      ]
    },

    "execution_systems": {
      "product_development_framework": "Modified dual-track agile: continuous discovery + continuous delivery.",
      "tools": [
        "Jira for engineering execution",
        "Figma for design",
        "Slack for alignment",
        "Github for code reviews and version control"
      ],
      "stages": [
        "Problem definition",
        "Design exploration",
        "Technical scoping",
        "Implementation",
        "Testing",
        "Launch readiness",
        "Release",
        "Post-release monitoring"
      ],
      "definition_of_done": [
        "Meets acceptance criteria",
        "Passes accessibility checks",
        "Docs updated",
        "Support ready",
        "Logs + metrics instrumented",
        "Feature flags available",
        "Incident alerting configured"
      ]
    },

    "release_and_deployment": {
      "pipeline": [
        "Commit → CI → Automated tests",
        "Staging environment → QA",
        "Gradual rollout via feature flags",
        "Monitoring + rollback capability",
        "Full deployment after stability confirmation"
      ],
      "principles": [
        "Small, frequent releases reduce risk.",
        "Feature flags for all user-facing changes.",
        "Automated tests prevent regressions.",
        "Rollback must be instant and safe."
      ],
      "responsibilities": {
        "product": "Owns definition, acceptance, launch messaging.",
        "engineering": "Owns quality, deployment, monitoring.",
        "support": "Prepared with macros, scripts, troubleshooting guides."
      }
    },

    "internal_communication": {
      "channels": [
        "Company-wide announcements channel",
        "Team channels with weekly summaries",
        "Project-specific channels",
        "Docs in internal wiki",
        "Asynchronous updates via Slack canvases"
      ],
      "principles": [
        "Document decisions in public channels, not private chat.",
        "Over-communicate during high-risk or high-impact projects.",
        "Summaries over raw message threads.",
        "Async-first: meetings only when truly needed."
      ]
    },

    "incident_management": {
      "incident_severity_levels": [
        "SEV0 — complete outage or security breach",
        "SEV1 — severe degradation",
        "SEV2 — functional but impaired",
        "SEV3 — minor impact"
      ],
      "response_process": [
        "On-call engineer paged automatically",
        "Incident lead + scribe assigned",
        "Dedicated Slack channel created",
        "Status page updated (if needed)",
        "Customer communication through predefined templates",
        "Root-cause analysis within 48 hours"
      ],
      "post_incident_practices": [
        "Blameless postmortems",
        "Actionable follow-up tasks",
        "Engineering retro",
        "Documentation updates"
      ]
    },

    "vendor_and_partner_operations": {
      "critical_vendors": [
        "Cloud providers",
        "CI/CD services",
        "Security scanning tools",
        "Observability platforms",
        "Support ticketing systems",
        "Payment processors"
      ],
      "vendor_management": [
        "Annual reviews",
        "Security questionnaires",
        "SLA monitoring",
        "Cost optimization",
        "Compliance audits"
      ]
    },

    "security_and_compliance_operations": {
      "responsibilities": [
        "Access management (SSO, role-based access)",
        "Pen tests and vulnerability management",
        "Privacy reviews of new features",
        "Compliance audits (SOC2, ISO, FedRAMP)",
        "Data residency enforcement",
        "Security training for employees"
      ],
      "principles": [
        "Security embedded early in development.",
        "Privileged access reviewed weekly.",
        "Zero-trust network assumptions.",
        "Data minimization everywhere possible."
      ]
    },

    "people_operations": {
      "hiring_process": [
        "Role definition",
        "Structured interviews",
        "Skill evaluation",
        "Values & collaboration assessment",
        "Offer approval",
        "Onboarding checklist"
      ],
      "onboarding": [
        "Slack workspace setup",
        "Tooling access",
        "Team intro",
        "Role-specific training",
        "First week goals"
      ],
      "performance_management": [
        "Quarterly reviews",
        "Career ladders",
        "Compensation cycles",
        "Promotion criteria",
        "Performance improvement processes"
      ],
      "culture_principles": [
        "Empathy",
        "Courtesy",
        "Craftsmanship",
        "Playfulness without distraction",
        "Transparent communication"
      ]
    },

    "finance_and_legal_ops": {
      "finance": [
        "Budget planning",
        "Cost control",
        "Scenario modeling",
        "SaaS vendor consolidation",
        "Revenue forecasting",
        "Expense approvals"
      ],
      "legal": [
        "Contract review",
        "Regulatory compliance",
        "Data processing agreements",
        "Risk management",
        "IP protection",
        "Vendor security terms"
      ]
    },

    "risk_and_decision_frameworks": {
      "decision_making": [
        "RACI for major initiatives",
        "Docs for all decisions above medium risk",
        "Async-first decisions with clear deadlines",
        "Escalate when blocked >48 hours"
      ],
      "risk_types": [
        "Technical risk",
        "Operational risk",
        "Security risk",
        "Legal/compliance risk",
        "Reputational risk"
      ],
      "risk_controls": [
        "Checklists for major launches",
        "Performance/load testing pre-release",
        "Security reviews pre-launch",
        "Runbooks for outage scenarios"
      ]
    },

    "operations_archetype": {
      "question": "What character best represents Operations?",
      "primary_archetype": "Architect",
      "secondary_archetype": "Orchestrator",
      "rationale": "Operations designs the invisible structures and keeps all moving parts synchronized, ensuring stability and clarity as the company scales."
    }
  }
}